Playwright has ability to mock clock and passage of time.
NOTE Only available for Chromium atm.
Browser-specific Coverage implementation. See Coverage for more details.
Provides access to the page's localStorage for the current origin. See
WebStorage.
await page.localStorage.setItem('token', 'abc');
const token = await page.localStorage.getItem('token');
API testing helper associated with this page. This method returns the same instance as browserContext.request on the page's context. See browserContext.request for more details.
Screencast object associated with this page.
Usage
page.screencast.on('screencastFrame', data => {
console.log('received frame, jpeg size:', data.length);
});
await page.screencast.start();
// ... perform actions ...
await page.screencast.stop();
Provides access to the page's sessionStorage for the current origin. See
WebStorage.
await page.sessionStorage.setItem('flag', '1');
const flag = await page.sessionStorage.getItem('flag');
NOTE Use locator-based page.locator(selector[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page. If no elements match the selector, the
return value resolves to null. To wait for an element on the page, use
locator.waitFor([options]).
A selector to query for.
Optionaloptions: { strict: boolean }NOTE Use locator-based page.locator(selector[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page. If no elements match the selector, the
return value resolves to null. To wait for an element on the page, use
locator.waitFor([options]).
A selector to query for.
Optionaloptions: { strict: boolean }NOTE Use locator-based page.locator(selector[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page. If no elements match the selector,
the return value resolves to [].
A selector to query for.
NOTE Use locator-based page.locator(selector[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page. If no elements match the selector,
the return value resolves to [].
A selector to query for.
NOTE In most cases, locator.evaluateAll(pageFunction[, arg]), other Locator helper methods and web-first assertions do a better job.
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page and passes an array of matched
elements as a first argument to
pageFunction. Returns
the result of
pageFunction
invocation.
If pageFunction returns
a [Promise], then
page.$$eval(selector, pageFunction[, arg])
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
const divCounts = await page.$$eval('div', (divs, min) => divs.length >= min, 10);
NOTE In most cases, locator.evaluateAll(pageFunction[, arg]), other Locator helper methods and web-first assertions do a better job.
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page and passes an array of matched
elements as a first argument to
pageFunction. Returns
the result of
pageFunction
invocation.
If pageFunction returns
a [Promise], then
page.$$eval(selector, pageFunction[, arg])
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
const divCounts = await page.$$eval('div', (divs, min) => divs.length >= min, 10);
A selector to query for.
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
NOTE In most cases, locator.evaluateAll(pageFunction[, arg]), other Locator helper methods and web-first assertions do a better job.
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page and passes an array of matched
elements as a first argument to
pageFunction. Returns
the result of
pageFunction
invocation.
If pageFunction returns
a [Promise], then
page.$$eval(selector, pageFunction[, arg])
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
const divCounts = await page.$$eval('div', (divs, min) => divs.length >= min, 10);
A selector to query for.
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optionalarg: any
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
NOTE In most cases, locator.evaluateAll(pageFunction[, arg]), other Locator helper methods and web-first assertions do a better job.
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page and passes an array of matched
elements as a first argument to
pageFunction. Returns
the result of
pageFunction
invocation.
If pageFunction returns
a [Promise], then
page.$$eval(selector, pageFunction[, arg])
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
const divCounts = await page.$$eval('div', (divs, min) => divs.length >= min, 10);
A selector to query for.
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optionalarg: any
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
NOTE This method does not wait for the element to pass actionability checks and therefore can lead to the flaky tests. Use locator.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]), other Locator helper methods or web-first assertions instead.
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page and passes it as a first argument to
pageFunction. If no
elements match the selector, the method throws an error. Returns the value of
pageFunction.
If pageFunction returns a
[Promise], then
page.$eval(selector, pageFunction[, arg, options])
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
const searchValue = await page.$eval('#search', el => el.value);
const preloadHref = await page.$eval('link[rel=preload]', el => el.href);
const html = await page.$eval('.main-container', (e, suffix) => e.outerHTML + suffix, 'hello');
// In TypeScript, this example requires an explicit type annotation (HTMLLinkElement) on el:
const preloadHrefTS = await page.$eval('link[rel=preload]', (el: HTMLLinkElement) => el.href);
NOTE This method does not wait for the element to pass actionability checks and therefore can lead to the flaky tests. Use locator.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]), other Locator helper methods or web-first assertions instead.
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page and passes it as a first argument to
pageFunction. If no
elements match the selector, the method throws an error. Returns the value of
pageFunction.
If pageFunction returns a
[Promise], then
page.$eval(selector, pageFunction[, arg, options])
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
const searchValue = await page.$eval('#search', el => el.value);
const preloadHref = await page.$eval('link[rel=preload]', el => el.href);
const html = await page.$eval('.main-container', (e, suffix) => e.outerHTML + suffix, 'hello');
// In TypeScript, this example requires an explicit type annotation (HTMLLinkElement) on el:
const preloadHrefTS = await page.$eval('link[rel=preload]', (el: HTMLLinkElement) => el.href);
A selector to query for.
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
NOTE This method does not wait for the element to pass actionability checks and therefore can lead to the flaky tests. Use locator.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]), other Locator helper methods or web-first assertions instead.
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page and passes it as a first argument to
pageFunction. If no
elements match the selector, the method throws an error. Returns the value of
pageFunction.
If pageFunction returns a
[Promise], then
page.$eval(selector, pageFunction[, arg, options])
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
const searchValue = await page.$eval('#search', el => el.value);
const preloadHref = await page.$eval('link[rel=preload]', el => el.href);
const html = await page.$eval('.main-container', (e, suffix) => e.outerHTML + suffix, 'hello');
// In TypeScript, this example requires an explicit type annotation (HTMLLinkElement) on el:
const preloadHrefTS = await page.$eval('link[rel=preload]', (el: HTMLLinkElement) => el.href);
A selector to query for.
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optionalarg: any
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
NOTE This method does not wait for the element to pass actionability checks and therefore can lead to the flaky tests. Use locator.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]), other Locator helper methods or web-first assertions instead.
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page and passes it as a first argument to
pageFunction. If no
elements match the selector, the method throws an error. Returns the value of
pageFunction.
If pageFunction returns a
[Promise], then
page.$eval(selector, pageFunction[, arg, options])
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
const searchValue = await page.$eval('#search', el => el.value);
const preloadHref = await page.$eval('link[rel=preload]', el => el.href);
const html = await page.$eval('.main-container', (e, suffix) => e.outerHTML + suffix, 'hello');
// In TypeScript, this example requires an explicit type annotation (HTMLLinkElement) on el:
const preloadHrefTS = await page.$eval('link[rel=preload]', (el: HTMLLinkElement) => el.href);
A selector to query for.
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optionalarg: any
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
Adds a script which would be evaluated in one of the following scenarios:
The script is evaluated after the document was created but before any of its scripts were run. This is useful to
amend the JavaScript environment, e.g. to seed Math.random.
Usage
An example of overriding Math.random before the page loads:
// preload.js
Math.random = () => 42;
// In your playwright script, assuming the preload.js file is in same directory
await page.addInitScript({ path: './preload.js' });
await page.addInitScript(mock => {
window.mock = mock;
}, mock);
NOTE The order of evaluation of multiple scripts installed via browserContext.addInitScript(script[, arg, options]) and page.addInitScript(script[, arg, options]) is not defined.
Emitted when JavaScript within the page calls one of console API methods, e.g. console.log or console.dir.
The arguments passed into console.log are available on the
ConsoleMessage event handler argument.
Usage
page.on('console', async msg => {
const values = [];
for (const arg of msg.args())
values.push(await arg.jsonValue());
console.log(...values);
});
await page.evaluate(() => console.log('hello', 5, { foo: 'bar' }));
Emitted when the page crashes. Browser pages might crash if they try to allocate too much memory. When the page crashes, ongoing and subsequent operations will throw.
The most common way to deal with crashes is to catch an exception:
try {
// Crash might happen during a click.
await page.click('button');
// Or while waiting for an event.
await page.waitForEvent('popup');
} catch (e) {
// When the page crashes, exception message contains 'crash'.
}
Emitted when a JavaScript dialog appears, such as alert, prompt, confirm or beforeunload. Listener must
either dialog.accept([promptText]) or
dialog.dismiss() the dialog - otherwise the page
will freeze waiting for the
dialog, and actions like click will never finish.
Usage
page.on('dialog', dialog => dialog.accept());
NOTE When no page.on('dialog') or browserContext.on('dialog') listeners are present, all dialogs are automatically dismissed.
Emitted when the JavaScript
DOMContentLoaded event is dispatched.
Emitted when a file chooser is supposed to appear, such as after clicking the <input type=file>. Playwright can
respond to it via setting the input files using
fileChooser.setFiles(files[, options])
that can be uploaded after that.
page.on('filechooser', async fileChooser => {
await fileChooser.setFiles(path.join(__dirname, '/tmp/myfile.pdf'));
});
Emitted when a frame is attached.
Emitted when a frame is detached.
Emitted when a frame is navigated to a new url.
Emitted when an uncaught exception happens within the page.
// Log all uncaught errors to the terminal
page.on('pageerror', exception => {
console.log(`Uncaught exception: "${exception}"`);
});
// Navigate to a page with an exception.
await page.goto('data:text/html,<script>throw new Error("Test")</script>');
Emitted when the page opens a new tab or window. This event is emitted in addition to the browserContext.on('page'), but only for popups relevant to this page.
The earliest moment that page is available is when it has navigated to the initial url. For example, when opening a
popup with window.open('http://example.com'), this event will fire when the network request to
"http://example.com" is done and its response has started loading in the popup. If you would like to route/listen
to this network request, use
browserContext.route(url, handler[, options])
and
browserContext.on('request')
respectively instead of similar methods on the Page.
// Start waiting for popup before clicking. Note no await.
const popupPromise = page.waitForEvent('popup');
await page.getByText('open the popup').click();
const popup = await popupPromise;
console.log(await popup.evaluate('location.href'));
NOTE Use page.waitForLoadState([state, options]) to wait until the page gets to a particular state (you should not need it in most cases).
Emitted when a page issues a request. The [request] object is read-only. In order to intercept and mutate requests, see page.route(url, handler[, options]) or browserContext.route(url, handler[, options]).
Emitted when a request fails, for example by timing out.
page.on('requestfailed', request => {
console.log(request.url() + ' ' + request.failure().errorText);
});
NOTE HTTP Error responses, such as 404 or 503, are still successful responses from HTTP standpoint, so request will complete with page.on('requestfinished') event and not with page.on('requestfailed'). A request will only be considered failed when the client cannot get an HTTP response from the server, e.g. due to network error net::ERR_FAILED.
Emitted when a request finishes successfully after downloading the response body. For a successful response, the
sequence of events is request, response and requestfinished.
Emitted when [response] status and headers are received for a request. For a successful response, the sequence of
events is request, response and requestfinished.
When testing a web page, sometimes unexpected overlays like a "Sign up" dialog appear and block actions you want to automate, e.g. clicking a button. These overlays don't always show up in the same way or at the same time, making them tricky to handle in automated tests.
This method lets you set up a special function, called a handler, that activates when it detects that overlay is visible. The handler's job is to remove the overlay, allowing your test to continue as if the overlay wasn't there.
Things to keep in mind:
noWaitAfter.NOTE Running the handler will alter your page state mid-test. For example it will change the currently focused element and move the mouse. Make sure that actions that run after the handler are self-contained and do not rely on the focus and mouse state being unchanged.
For example, consider a test that calls locator.focus([options]) followed by keyboard.press(key[, options]). If your handler clicks a button between these two actions, the focused element most likely will be wrong, and key press will happen on the unexpected element. Use locator.press(key[, options]) instead to avoid this problem.
Another example is a series of mouse actions, where mouse.move(x, y[, options]) is followed by mouse.down([options]). Again, when the handler runs between these two actions, the mouse position will be wrong during the mouse down. Prefer self-contained actions like locator.click([options]) that do not rely on the state being unchanged by a handler.
Usage
An example that closes a "Sign up to the newsletter" dialog when it appears:
// Setup the handler.
await page.addLocatorHandler(page.getByText('Sign up to the newsletter'), async () => {
await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'No thanks' }).click();
});
// Write the test as usual.
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Start here' }).click();
An example that skips the "Confirm your security details" page when it is shown:
// Setup the handler.
await page.addLocatorHandler(page.getByText('Confirm your security details'), async () => {
await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Remind me later' }).click();
});
// Write the test as usual.
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Start here' }).click();
An example with a custom callback on every actionability check. It uses a <body> locator that is always visible,
so the handler is called before every actionability check. It is important to specify
noWaitAfter, because
the handler does not hide the <body> element.
// Setup the handler.
await page.addLocatorHandler(page.locator('body'), async () => {
await page.evaluate(() => window.removeObstructionsForTestIfNeeded());
}, { noWaitAfter: true });
// Write the test as usual.
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Start here' }).click();
Handler takes the original locator as an argument. You can also automatically remove the handler after a number of
invocations by setting times:
await page.addLocatorHandler(page.getByLabel('Close'), async locator => {
await locator.click();
}, { times: 1 });
Locator that triggers the handler.
Function that should be run once
locator appears. This
function should get rid of the element that blocks actions like click.
Optionaloptions: { noWaitAfter?: boolean; times?: number }
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanBy default, after calling the handler Playwright will wait until the overlay becomes hidden, and only then Playwright will continue with the action/assertion that triggered the handler. This option allows to opt-out of this behavior, so that overlay can stay visible after the handler has run.
Optionaltimes?: numberSpecifies the maximum number of times this handler should be called. Unlimited by default.
Adds a <script> tag into the page with the desired url or content. Returns the added tag when the script's onload
fires or when the script content was injected into frame.
Optionaloptions: { content?: string; path?: string; type?: string; url?: string }
Optionalcontent?: stringRaw JavaScript content to be injected into frame.
Optionalpath?: stringPath to the JavaScript file to be injected into frame. If path is a relative path, then it is resolved relative
to the current working directory.
Optionaltype?: stringScript type. Use 'module' in order to load a JavaScript ES6 module. See script for more details.
Optionalurl?: stringURL of a script to be added.
Adds a <link rel="stylesheet"> tag into the page with the desired url or a <style type="text/css"> tag with the
content. Returns the added tag when the stylesheet's onload fires or when the CSS content was injected into frame.
Optionaloptions: { content?: string; path?: string; url?: string }
Optionalcontent?: stringRaw CSS content to be injected into frame.
Optionalpath?: stringPath to the CSS file to be injected into frame. If path is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to the
current working directory.
Optionalurl?: stringURL of the <link> tag.
Captures the aria snapshot of the page. Read more about aria snapshots.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalboxes?: booleanWhen true, appends each element's bounding box as [box=x,y,width,height] to the snapshot. Coordinates are
relative to the viewport, in CSS pixels, as returned by
Element.getBoundingClientRect().
Defaults to false.
Optionaldepth?: numberWhen specified, limits the depth of the snapshot.
Optionalmode?: "default" | "ai"When set to "ai", returns a snapshot optimized for AI consumption: including element references like [ref=e2]
and snapshots of <iframe>s. Defaults to "default".
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Brings page to front (activates tab).
Cancels an ongoing page.pickLocator() call by deactivating pick locator mode. If no pick locator mode is active, this method is a no-op.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.check([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method checks an element matching
selector by performing the following
steps:
selector.
If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.force option is set. If the element
is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.When all steps combined have not finished during the specified
timeout, this method throws a
TimeoutError. Passing zero timeout disables this.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalposition?: { x: number; y: number }A point to use relative to the top-left corner of element padding box. If not specified, uses some visible point of the element.
Optionalscroll?: "none" | "auto"Controls whether Playwright scrolls the element into view before performing the action. Defaults to "auto", which
scrolls the element into view when necessary, including scrolling nested scrollable containers. When set to
"none", Playwright does not scroll the element and the action fails if the element is not already in the
viewport. This is useful to assert that an element is reachable by the user without additional scrolling.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Optionaltrial?: booleanWhen set, this method only performs the actionability checks and skips the action. Defaults
to false. Useful to wait until the element is ready for the action without performing it.
Clears all stored console messages from this page. Subsequent calls to page.consoleMessages([options]) will only return messages logged after the clear.
Clears all stored page errors from this page. Subsequent calls to page.pageErrors([options]) will only return errors thrown after the clear.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.click([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method clicks an element matching
selector by performing the following
steps:
selector.
If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.force option is set. If the element
is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.position.noWaitAfter option is set.When all steps combined have not finished during the specified
timeout, this method throws a
TimeoutError. Passing zero timeout disables this.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalbutton?: "left" | "right" | "middle"Defaults to left.
OptionalclickCount?: numberdefaults to 1. See [UIEvent.detail].
Optionaldelay?: numberTime to wait between mousedown and mouseup in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
Optionalmodifiers?: ("Alt" | "Control" | "ControlOrMeta" | "Meta" | "Shift")[]Modifier keys to press. Ensures that only these modifiers are pressed during the operation, and then restores current modifiers back. If not specified, currently pressed modifiers are used. "ControlOrMeta" resolves to "Control" on Windows and Linux and to "Meta" on macOS.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanActions that initiate navigations are waiting for these navigations to happen and for pages to start loading. You
can opt out of waiting via setting this flag. You would only need this option in the exceptional cases such as
navigating to inaccessible pages. Defaults to false.
Optionalposition?: { x: number; y: number }A point to use relative to the top-left corner of element padding box. If not specified, uses some visible point of the element.
Optionalscroll?: "none" | "auto"Controls whether Playwright scrolls the element into view before performing the action. Defaults to "auto", which
scrolls the element into view when necessary, including scrolling nested scrollable containers. When set to
"none", Playwright does not scroll the element and the action fails if the element is not already in the
viewport. This is useful to assert that an element is reachable by the user without additional scrolling.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Optionaltrial?: booleanWhen set, this method only performs the actionability checks and skips the action. Defaults
to false. Useful to wait until the element is ready for the action without performing it. Note that keyboard
modifiers will be pressed regardless of trial to allow testing elements which are only visible when those keys
are pressed.
If runBeforeUnload is false,
does not run any unload handlers and waits for the page to be closed. If
runBeforeUnload is true the
method will run unload handlers, but will not wait for the page to close.
By default, page.close() does not run beforeunload handlers.
NOTE if runBeforeUnload is
passed as true, a beforeunload dialog might be summoned and should be handled manually via
page.on('dialog') event.
Optionaloptions: { reason?: string; runBeforeUnload?: boolean }
Optionalreason?: stringThe reason to be reported to the operations interrupted by the page closure.
OptionalrunBeforeUnload?: booleanDefaults to false. Whether to run the
before unload page handlers.
Returns up to (currently) 200 last console messages from this page. See page.on('console') for more details.
Optionaloptions: { filter?: "all" | "since-navigation" }
Optionalfilter?: "all" | "since-navigation"Controls which messages are returned:
Gets the full HTML contents of the page, including the doctype.
Get the browser context that the page belongs to.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.dblclick([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method double clicks an element matching
selector by performing the following
steps:
selector. If there is none,
wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.force option is set. If the
element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.position.When all steps combined have not finished during the specified
timeout, this method throws a
TimeoutError. Passing zero timeout disables this.
NOTE page.dblclick() dispatches two click events and a single dblclick event.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalbutton?: "left" | "right" | "middle"Defaults to left.
Optionaldelay?: numberTime to wait between mousedown and mouseup in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
Optionalmodifiers?: ("Alt" | "Control" | "ControlOrMeta" | "Meta" | "Shift")[]Modifier keys to press. Ensures that only these modifiers are pressed during the operation, and then restores current modifiers back. If not specified, currently pressed modifiers are used. "ControlOrMeta" resolves to "Control" on Windows and Linux and to "Meta" on macOS.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalposition?: { x: number; y: number }A point to use relative to the top-left corner of element padding box. If not specified, uses some visible point of the element.
Optionalscroll?: "none" | "auto"Controls whether Playwright scrolls the element into view before performing the action. Defaults to "auto", which
scrolls the element into view when necessary, including scrolling nested scrollable containers. When set to
"none", Playwright does not scroll the element and the action fails if the element is not already in the
viewport. This is useful to assert that an element is reachable by the user without additional scrolling.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Optionaltrial?: booleanWhen set, this method only performs the actionability checks and skips the action. Defaults
to false. Useful to wait until the element is ready for the action without performing it. Note that keyboard
modifiers will be pressed regardless of trial to allow testing elements which are only visible when those keys
are pressed.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.dispatchEvent(type[, eventInit, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
The snippet below dispatches the click event on the element. Regardless of the visibility state of the element,
click is dispatched. This is equivalent to calling
element.click().
Usage
await page.dispatchEvent('button#submit', 'click');
Under the hood, it creates an instance of an event based on the given
type, initializes it with
eventInit properties and
dispatches it on the element. Events are composed, cancelable and bubble by default.
Since eventInit is
event-specific, please refer to the events documentation for the lists of initial properties:
You can also specify JSHandle as the property value if you want live objects to be passed into the event:
// Note you can only create DataTransfer in Chromium and Firefox
const dataTransfer = await page.evaluateHandle(() => new DataTransfer());
await page.dispatchEvent('#source', 'dragstart', { dataTransfer });
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
DOM event type: "click", "dragstart", etc.
OptionaleventInit: EvaluationArgument
Optional event-specific initialization properties.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
This method drags the source element to the target element. It will first move to the source element, perform a
mousedown, then move to the target element and perform a mouseup.
Usage
await page.dragAndDrop('#source', '#target');
// or specify exact positions relative to the top-left corners of the elements:
await page.dragAndDrop('#source', '#target', {
sourcePosition: { x: 34, y: 7 },
targetPosition: { x: 10, y: 20 },
});
A selector to search for an element to drag. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
A selector to search for an element to drop onto. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalscroll?: "none" | "auto"Controls whether Playwright scrolls the element into view before performing the action. Defaults to "auto", which
scrolls the element into view when necessary, including scrolling nested scrollable containers. When set to
"none", Playwright does not scroll the element and the action fails if the element is not already in the
viewport. This is useful to assert that an element is reachable by the user without additional scrolling.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
OptionalsourcePosition?: { x: number; y: number }Clicks on the source element at this point relative to the top-left corner of the element's padding box. If not specified, some visible point of the element is used.
Optionalsteps?: numberDefaults to 1. Sends n interpolated mousemove events to represent travel between the mousedown and mouseup
of the drag. When set to 1, emits a single mousemove event at the destination location.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
OptionaltargetPosition?: { x: number; y: number }Drops on the target element at this point relative to the top-left corner of the element's padding box. If not specified, some visible point of the element is used.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Optionaltrial?: booleanWhen set, this method only performs the actionability checks and skips the action. Defaults
to false. Useful to wait until the element is ready for the action without performing it.
This method changes the CSS media type through the media argument, and/or the 'prefers-colors-scheme' media
feature, using the colorScheme argument.
Usage
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('screen').matches);
// → true
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('print').matches);
// → false
await page.emulateMedia({ media: 'print' });
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('screen').matches);
// → false
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('print').matches);
// → true
await page.emulateMedia({});
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('screen').matches);
// → true
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('print').matches);
// → false
await page.emulateMedia({ colorScheme: 'dark' });
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches);
// → true
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: light)').matches);
// → false
Optionaloptions: {OptionalcolorScheme?: "light" | "dark" | "no-preference" | nullEmulates prefers-colors-scheme
media feature, supported values are 'light' and 'dark'. Passing null disables color scheme emulation.
'no-preference' is deprecated.
Optionalcontrast?: "no-preference" | "more" | nullEmulates 'prefers-contrast' media feature, supported values are 'no-preference', 'more'. Passing null
disables contrast emulation.
OptionalforcedColors?: "none" | "active" | nullEmulates 'forced-colors' media feature, supported values are 'active' and 'none'. Passing null disables
forced colors emulation.
Optionalmedia?: "screen" | "print" | nullChanges the CSS media type of the page. The only allowed values are 'screen', 'print' and null. Passing
null disables CSS media emulation.
OptionalreducedMotion?: "reduce" | "no-preference" | nullEmulates 'prefers-reduced-motion' media feature, supported values are 'reduce', 'no-preference'. Passing
null disables reduced motion emulation.
Returns the value of the
pageFunction invocation.
If the function passed to the page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) returns a [Promise], then page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
If the function passed to the
page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) returns a
non-[Serializable] value, then
page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) resolves to
undefined. Playwright also supports transferring some additional values that are not serializable by JSON:
-0, NaN, Infinity, -Infinity.
Usage
Passing argument to pageFunction:
const result = await page.evaluate(([x, y]) => {
return Promise.resolve(x * y);
}, [7, 8]);
console.log(result); // prints "56"
A string can also be passed in instead of a function:
console.log(await page.evaluate('1 + 2')); // prints "3"
const x = 10;
console.log(await page.evaluate(`1 + ${x}`)); // prints "11"
ElementHandle instances can be passed as an argument to the page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]):
const bodyHandle = await page.evaluateHandle('document.body');
const html = await page.evaluate<string, HTMLElement>(([body, suffix]) =>
body.innerHTML + suffix, [bodyHandle, 'hello']
);
await bodyHandle.dispose();
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
Optionaloptions: { exposeFunctions?: boolean }Returns the value of the
pageFunction invocation.
If the function passed to the page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) returns a [Promise], then page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
If the function passed to the
page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) returns a
non-[Serializable] value, then
page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) resolves to
undefined. Playwright also supports transferring some additional values that are not serializable by JSON:
-0, NaN, Infinity, -Infinity.
Usage
Passing argument to pageFunction:
const result = await page.evaluate(([x, y]) => {
return Promise.resolve(x * y);
}, [7, 8]);
console.log(result); // prints "56"
A string can also be passed in instead of a function:
console.log(await page.evaluate('1 + 2')); // prints "3"
const x = 10;
console.log(await page.evaluate(`1 + ${x}`)); // prints "11"
ElementHandle instances can be passed as an argument to the page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]):
const bodyHandle = await page.evaluateHandle('document.body');
const html = await page.evaluate<string, HTMLElement>(([body, suffix]) =>
body.innerHTML + suffix, [bodyHandle, 'hello']
);
await bodyHandle.dispose();
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optionalarg: any
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
Optionaloptions: { exposeFunctions?: boolean }Returns the value of the
pageFunction invocation as a
JSHandle.
The only difference between page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) and page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]) is that page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]) returns JSHandle.
If the function passed to the page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]) returns a [Promise], then page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]) would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
// Handle for the window object.
const aWindowHandle = await page.evaluateHandle(() => Promise.resolve(window));
A string can also be passed in instead of a function:
const aHandle = await page.evaluateHandle('document'); // Handle for the 'document'
JSHandle instances can be passed as an argument to the page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]):
const aHandle = await page.evaluateHandle(() => document.body);
const resultHandle = await page.evaluateHandle(body => body.innerHTML, aHandle);
console.log(await resultHandle.jsonValue());
await resultHandle.dispose();
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
Optionaloptions: { exposeFunctions?: boolean }Returns the value of the
pageFunction invocation as a
JSHandle.
The only difference between page.evaluate(pageFunction[, arg, options]) and page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]) is that page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]) returns JSHandle.
If the function passed to the page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]) returns a [Promise], then page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]) would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Usage
// Handle for the window object.
const aWindowHandle = await page.evaluateHandle(() => Promise.resolve(window));
A string can also be passed in instead of a function:
const aHandle = await page.evaluateHandle('document'); // Handle for the 'document'
JSHandle instances can be passed as an argument to the page.evaluateHandle(pageFunction[, arg, options]):
const aHandle = await page.evaluateHandle(() => document.body);
const resultHandle = await page.evaluateHandle(body => body.innerHTML, aHandle);
console.log(await resultHandle.jsonValue());
await resultHandle.dispose();
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optionalarg: any
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
Optionaloptions: { exposeFunctions?: boolean }The method adds a function called
name on the window object of
every frame in this page. When called, the function executes
callback and returns a
[Promise] which resolves to the return value of
callback. If the
callback returns a [Promise],
it will be awaited.
The first argument of the
callback function contains
information about the caller: { browserContext: BrowserContext, page: Page, frame: Frame }.
See browserContext.exposeBinding(name, callback) for the context-wide version.
NOTE Functions installed via page.exposeBinding(name, callback) survive navigations.
Usage
An example of exposing page URL to all frames in a page:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch({ headless: false });
const context = await browser.newContext();
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.exposeBinding('pageURL', ({ page }) => page.url());
await page.setContent(`
<script>
async function onClick() {
document.querySelector('div').textContent = await window.pageURL();
}
</script>
<button onclick="onClick()">Click me</button>
<div></div>
`);
await page.click('button');
})();
Name of the function on the window object.
The method adds a function called
name on the window object of
every frame in the page. When called, the function executes
callback and returns a
[Promise] which resolves to the return value of
callback.
If the callback returns a
[Promise], it will be awaited.
See browserContext.exposeFunction(name, callback) for context-wide exposed function.
NOTE Functions installed via page.exposeFunction(name, callback) survive navigations.
Usage
An example of adding a sha256 function to the page:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
const crypto = require('crypto');
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch({ headless: false });
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.exposeFunction('sha256', text =>
crypto.createHash('sha256').update(text).digest('hex'),
);
await page.setContent(`
<script>
async function onClick() {
document.querySelector('div').textContent = await window.sha256('PLAYWRIGHT');
}
</script>
<button onclick="onClick()">Click me</button>
<div></div>
`);
await page.click('button');
})();
Name of the function on the window object
Callback function which will be called in Playwright's context.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.fill(value[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method waits for an element matching
selector, waits for
actionability checks, focuses the element, fills it and triggers an input event after
filling. Note that you can pass an empty string to clear the input field.
If the target element is not an <input>, <textarea> or [contenteditable] element, this method throws an
error. However, if the element is inside the <label> element that has an associated
control, the control will be filled
instead.
To send fine-grained keyboard events, use locator.pressSequentially(text[, options]).
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Value to fill for the <input>, <textarea> or [contenteditable] element.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.focus([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method fetches an element with
selector and focuses it. If there's no
element matching selector, the method
waits until a matching element appears in the DOM.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Returns frame matching the specified criteria. Either name or url must be specified.
Usage
const frame = page.frame('frame-name');
const frame = page.frame({ url: /.*domain.*/ });
Frame name or other frame lookup options.
Optionalname?: stringFrame name specified in the iframe's name attribute. Optional.
Optionalurl?: string | RegExp | URLPattern | ((url: URL) => boolean)A glob pattern, regex pattern, URL pattern, or predicate receiving frame's url as a [URL] object. Optional.
When working with iframes, you can create a frame locator that will enter the iframe and allow selecting elements in that iframe.
Usage
Following snippet locates element with text "Submit" in the iframe with id my-frame, like <iframe id="my-frame">:
const locator = page.frameLocator('#my-iframe').getByText('Submit');
await locator.click();
A selector to use when resolving DOM element.
An array of all frames attached to the page.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.getAttribute(name[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns element attribute value.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Attribute name to get the value for.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Allows locating elements by their alt text.
Usage
For example, this method will find the image by alt text "Playwright logo":
<img alt='Playwright logo'>
await page.getByAltText('Playwright logo').click();
Text to locate the element for.
Optionaloptions: { exact?: boolean }
Optionalexact?: booleanWhether to find an exact match: case-sensitive and whole-string. Default to false. Ignored when locating by a regular expression. Note that exact match still trims whitespace.
Allows locating input elements by the text of the associated <label> or aria-labelledby element, or by the
aria-label attribute.
Usage
For example, this method will find inputs by label "Username" and "Password" in the following DOM:
<input aria-label="Username">
<label for="password-input">Password:</label>
<input id="password-input">
await page.getByLabel('Username').fill('john');
await page.getByLabel('Password').fill('secret');
Text to locate the element for.
Optionaloptions: { exact?: boolean }
Optionalexact?: booleanWhether to find an exact match: case-sensitive and whole-string. Default to false. Ignored when locating by a regular expression. Note that exact match still trims whitespace.
Allows locating input elements by the placeholder text.
Usage
For example, consider the following DOM structure.
<input type="email" placeholder="name@example.com" />
You can fill the input after locating it by the placeholder text:
await page
.getByPlaceholder('name@example.com')
.fill('playwright@microsoft.com');
Text to locate the element for.
Optionaloptions: { exact?: boolean }
Optionalexact?: booleanWhether to find an exact match: case-sensitive and whole-string. Default to false. Ignored when locating by a regular expression. Note that exact match still trims whitespace.
Allows locating elements by their ARIA role, ARIA attributes and accessible name.
Usage
Consider the following DOM structure.
<h3>Sign up</h3>
<label>
<input type="checkbox" /> Subscribe
</label>
<br/>
<button>Submit</button>
You can locate each element by its implicit role:
await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Sign up' })).toBeVisible();
await page.getByRole('checkbox', { name: 'Subscribe' }).check();
await page.getByRole('button', { name: /submit/i }).click();
Details
Role selector does not replace accessibility audits and conformance tests, but rather gives early feedback about the ARIA guidelines.
Many html elements have an implicitly defined role
that is recognized by the role selector. You can find all the
supported roles here. ARIA guidelines do not recommend
duplicating implicit roles and attributes by setting role and/or aria-* attributes to default values.
Required aria role.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalchecked?: booleanAn attribute that is usually set by aria-checked or native <input type=checkbox> controls.
Learn more about aria-checked.
Optionaldescription?: string | RegExpOption to match the accessible description. By
default, matching is case-insensitive and searches for a substring, use
exact to control this behavior.
Learn more about accessible description.
Optionaldisabled?: booleanAn attribute that is usually set by aria-disabled or disabled.
NOTE Unlike most other attributes, disabled is inherited through the DOM hierarchy. Learn more about
aria-disabled.
Optionalexact?: booleanWhether name and
description are matched
exactly: case-sensitive and whole-string. Defaults to false. Ignored when the value is a regular expression. Note
that exact match still trims whitespace.
Optionalexpanded?: booleanAn attribute that is usually set by aria-expanded.
Learn more about aria-expanded.
OptionalincludeHidden?: booleanOption that controls whether hidden elements are matched. By default, only non-hidden elements, as defined by ARIA, are matched by role selector.
Learn more about aria-hidden.
Optionallevel?: numberA number attribute that is usually present for roles heading, listitem, row, treeitem, with default values
for <h1>-<h6> elements.
Learn more about aria-level.
Optionalname?: string | RegExpOption to match the accessible name. By default, matching is
case-insensitive and searches for a substring, use
exact to control this behavior.
Learn more about accessible name.
Optionalpressed?: booleanAn attribute that is usually set by aria-pressed.
Learn more about aria-pressed.
Optionalselected?: booleanAn attribute that is usually set by aria-selected.
Learn more about aria-selected.
Locate element by the test id.
Usage
Consider the following DOM structure.
<button data-testid="directions">Itinéraire</button>
You can locate the element by its test id:
await page.getByTestId('directions').click();
Details
By default, the data-testid attribute is used as a test id. Use
selectors.setTestIdAttribute(attributeName)
to configure a different test id attribute if necessary.
// Set custom test id attribute from @playwright/test config:
import { defineConfig } from '@playwright/test';
export default defineConfig({
use: {
testIdAttribute: 'data-pw'
},
});
Id to locate the element by.
Allows locating elements that contain given text.
See also locator.filter([options]) that allows to match by another criteria, like an accessible role, and then filter by the text content.
Usage
Consider the following DOM structure:
<div>Hello <span>world</span></div>
<div>Hello</div>
You can locate by text substring, exact string, or a regular expression:
// Matches <span>
page.getByText('world');
// Matches first <div>
page.getByText('Hello world');
// Matches second <div>
page.getByText('Hello', { exact: true });
// Matches both <div>s
page.getByText(/Hello/);
// Matches second <div>
page.getByText(/^hello$/i);
Details
Matching by text always normalizes whitespace, even with exact match. For example, it turns multiple spaces into one, turns line breaks into spaces and ignores leading and trailing whitespace.
Input elements of the type button and submit are matched by their value instead of the text content. For
example, locating by text "Log in" matches <input type=button value="Log in">.
Text to locate the element for.
Optionaloptions: { exact?: boolean }
Optionalexact?: booleanWhether to find an exact match: case-sensitive and whole-string. Default to false. Ignored when locating by a regular expression. Note that exact match still trims whitespace.
Allows locating elements by their title attribute.
Usage
Consider the following DOM structure.
<span title='Issues count'>25 issues</span>
You can check the issues count after locating it by the title text:
await expect(page.getByTitle('Issues count')).toHaveText('25 issues');
Text to locate the element for.
Optionaloptions: { exact?: boolean }
Optionalexact?: booleanWhether to find an exact match: case-sensitive and whole-string. Default to false. Ignored when locating by a regular expression. Note that exact match still trims whitespace.
Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of
the last redirect. If cannot go back, returns null.
Navigate to the previous page in history.
NOTE Testing Back/Forward Cache (BFCache) is not supported. By default, Playwright disables the
Back/Forward Cache across all browsers. Even if explicitly enabled, Playwright's internal state relies on
network-level navigation events. Because BFCache restores unfreeze the DOM without firing these events, using
page.goBack() or page.goForward() to trigger a BFCache restore will result in timeouts and a desynchronized
Page state.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum operation time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via
navigationTimeout option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout),
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout),
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
OptionalwaitUntil?: "domcontentloaded" | "load" | "networkidle" | "commit"When to consider operation succeeded, defaults to load. Events can be either:
'domcontentloaded' - consider operation to be finished when the DOMContentLoaded event is fired.'load' - consider operation to be finished when the load event is fired.'networkidle' - DISCOURAGED consider operation to be finished when there are no network connections for
at least 500 ms. Don't use this method for testing, rely on web assertions to assess readiness instead.'commit' - consider operation to be finished when network response is received and the document started
loading.Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of
the last redirect. If cannot go forward, returns null.
Navigate to the next page in history.
NOTE Testing Back/Forward Cache (BFCache) is not supported. By default, Playwright disables the
Back/Forward Cache across all browsers. Even if explicitly enabled, Playwright's internal state relies on
network-level navigation events. Because BFCache restores unfreeze the DOM without firing these events, using
page.goBack() or page.goForward() to trigger a BFCache restore will result in timeouts and a desynchronized
Page state.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum operation time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via
navigationTimeout option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout),
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout),
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
OptionalwaitUntil?: "domcontentloaded" | "load" | "networkidle" | "commit"When to consider operation succeeded, defaults to load. Events can be either:
'domcontentloaded' - consider operation to be finished when the DOMContentLoaded event is fired.'load' - consider operation to be finished when the load event is fired.'networkidle' - DISCOURAGED consider operation to be finished when there are no network connections for
at least 500 ms. Don't use this method for testing, rely on web assertions to assess readiness instead.'commit' - consider operation to be finished when network response is received and the document started
loading.Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the first non-redirect response.
The method will throw an error if:
timeout is exceeded during
navigation.The method will not throw an error when any valid HTTP status code is returned by the remote server, including 404 "Not Found" and 500 "Internal Server Error". The status code for such responses can be retrieved by calling response.status().
NOTE The method either throws an error or returns a main resource response. The only exceptions are navigation
to about:blank or navigation to the same URL with a different hash, which would succeed and return null.
NOTE Headless mode doesn't support navigation to a PDF document. See the upstream issue.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalreferer?: stringReferer header value. If provided it will take preference over the referer header value set by page.setExtraHTTPHeaders(headers).
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum operation time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via
navigationTimeout option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout),
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout),
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
OptionalwaitUntil?: "domcontentloaded" | "load" | "networkidle" | "commit"When to consider operation succeeded, defaults to load. Events can be either:
'domcontentloaded' - consider operation to be finished when the DOMContentLoaded event is fired.'load' - consider operation to be finished when the load event is fired.'networkidle' - DISCOURAGED consider operation to be finished when there are no network connections for
at least 500 ms. Don't use this method for testing, rely on web assertions to assess readiness instead.'commit' - consider operation to be finished when network response is received and the document started
loading.Hide all locator highlight overlays previously added by locator.highlight([options]) on this page.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.hover([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method hovers over an element matching
selector by performing the following
steps:
selector.
If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.force option is set. If the element
is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.position.When all steps combined have not finished during the specified
timeout, this method throws a
TimeoutError. Passing zero timeout disables this.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
Optionalmodifiers?: ("Alt" | "Control" | "ControlOrMeta" | "Meta" | "Shift")[]Modifier keys to press. Ensures that only these modifiers are pressed during the operation, and then restores current modifiers back. If not specified, currently pressed modifiers are used. "ControlOrMeta" resolves to "Control" on Windows and Linux and to "Meta" on macOS.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalposition?: { x: number; y: number }A point to use relative to the top-left corner of element padding box. If not specified, uses some visible point of the element.
Optionalscroll?: "none" | "auto"Controls whether Playwright scrolls the element into view before performing the action. Defaults to "auto", which
scrolls the element into view when necessary, including scrolling nested scrollable containers. When set to
"none", Playwright does not scroll the element and the action fails if the element is not already in the
viewport. This is useful to assert that an element is reachable by the user without additional scrolling.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Optionaltrial?: booleanWhen set, this method only performs the actionability checks and skips the action. Defaults
to false. Useful to wait until the element is ready for the action without performing it. Note that keyboard
modifiers will be pressed regardless of trial to allow testing elements which are only visible when those keys
are pressed.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.innerHTML([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns element.innerHTML.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.innerText([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns element.innerText.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.inputValue([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns input.value for the selected <input> or <textarea> or <select> element.
Throws for non-input elements. However, if the element is inside the <label> element that has an associated
control, returns the value of the
control.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.isChecked([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns whether the element is checked. Throws if the element is not a checkbox or radio input.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Indicates that the page has been closed.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.isDisabled([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns whether the element is disabled, the opposite of enabled.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.isEditable([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns whether the element is editable.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.isEnabled([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns whether the element is enabled.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.isHidden([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns whether the element is hidden, the opposite of visible.
selector that does not match any
elements is considered hidden.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberThis option is ignored. page.isHidden(selector[, options]) does not wait for the element to become hidden and returns immediately.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.isVisible([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns whether the element is visible.
selector that does not match any
elements is considered not visible.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberThis option is ignored. page.isVisible(selector[, options]) does not wait for the element to become visible and returns immediately.
The method returns an element locator that can be used to perform actions on this page / frame. Locator is resolved to the element immediately before performing an action, so a series of actions on the same locator can in fact be performed on different DOM elements. That would happen if the DOM structure between those actions has changed.
A selector to use when resolving DOM element.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalhas?: LocatorNarrows down the results of the method to those which contain elements matching this relative locator. For example,
article that has text=Playwright matches <article><div>Playwright</div></article>.
Inner locator must be relative to the outer locator and is queried starting with the outer locator match, not
the document root. For example, you can find content that has div in
<article><content><div>Playwright</div></content></article>. However, looking for content that has article div will fail, because the inner locator must be relative and should not use any elements outside the content.
Note that outer and inner locators must belong to the same frame. Inner locator must not contain FrameLocators.
OptionalhasNot?: LocatorMatches elements that do not contain an element that matches an inner locator. Inner locator is queried against the
outer one. For example, article that does not have div matches <article><span>Playwright</span></article>.
Note that outer and inner locators must belong to the same frame. Inner locator must not contain FrameLocators.
OptionalhasNotText?: string | RegExpMatches elements that do not contain specified text somewhere inside, possibly in a child or a descendant element. When passed a [string], matching is case-insensitive and searches for a substring.
OptionalhasText?: string | RegExpMatches elements containing specified text somewhere inside, possibly in a child or a descendant element. When
passed a [string], matching is case-insensitive and searches for a substring. For example, "Playwright" matches
<article><div>Playwright</div></article>.
The page's main frame. Page is guaranteed to have a main frame which persists during navigations.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Emitted when JavaScript within the page calls one of console API methods, e.g. console.log or console.dir.
The arguments passed into console.log are available on the
ConsoleMessage event handler argument.
Usage
page.on('console', async msg => {
const values = [];
for (const arg of msg.args())
values.push(await arg.jsonValue());
console.log(...values);
});
await page.evaluate(() => console.log('hello', 5, { foo: 'bar' }));
Emitted when the page crashes. Browser pages might crash if they try to allocate too much memory. When the page crashes, ongoing and subsequent operations will throw.
The most common way to deal with crashes is to catch an exception:
try {
// Crash might happen during a click.
await page.click('button');
// Or while waiting for an event.
await page.waitForEvent('popup');
} catch (e) {
// When the page crashes, exception message contains 'crash'.
}
Emitted when a JavaScript dialog appears, such as alert, prompt, confirm or beforeunload. Listener must
either dialog.accept([promptText]) or
dialog.dismiss() the dialog - otherwise the page
will freeze waiting for the
dialog, and actions like click will never finish.
Usage
page.on('dialog', dialog => dialog.accept());
NOTE When no page.on('dialog') or browserContext.on('dialog') listeners are present, all dialogs are automatically dismissed.
Emitted when the JavaScript
DOMContentLoaded event is dispatched.
Emitted when a file chooser is supposed to appear, such as after clicking the <input type=file>. Playwright can
respond to it via setting the input files using
fileChooser.setFiles(files[, options])
that can be uploaded after that.
page.on('filechooser', async fileChooser => {
await fileChooser.setFiles(path.join(__dirname, '/tmp/myfile.pdf'));
});
Emitted when a frame is attached.
Emitted when a frame is detached.
Emitted when a frame is navigated to a new url.
Emitted when an uncaught exception happens within the page.
// Log all uncaught errors to the terminal
page.on('pageerror', exception => {
console.log(`Uncaught exception: "${exception}"`);
});
// Navigate to a page with an exception.
await page.goto('data:text/html,<script>throw new Error("Test")</script>');
Emitted when the page opens a new tab or window. This event is emitted in addition to the browserContext.on('page'), but only for popups relevant to this page.
The earliest moment that page is available is when it has navigated to the initial url. For example, when opening a
popup with window.open('http://example.com'), this event will fire when the network request to
"http://example.com" is done and its response has started loading in the popup. If you would like to route/listen
to this network request, use
browserContext.route(url, handler[, options])
and
browserContext.on('request')
respectively instead of similar methods on the Page.
// Start waiting for popup before clicking. Note no await.
const popupPromise = page.waitForEvent('popup');
await page.getByText('open the popup').click();
const popup = await popupPromise;
console.log(await popup.evaluate('location.href'));
NOTE Use page.waitForLoadState([state, options]) to wait until the page gets to a particular state (you should not need it in most cases).
Emitted when a page issues a request. The [request] object is read-only. In order to intercept and mutate requests, see page.route(url, handler[, options]) or browserContext.route(url, handler[, options]).
Emitted when a request fails, for example by timing out.
page.on('requestfailed', request => {
console.log(request.url() + ' ' + request.failure().errorText);
});
NOTE HTTP Error responses, such as 404 or 503, are still successful responses from HTTP standpoint, so request will complete with page.on('requestfinished') event and not with page.on('requestfailed'). A request will only be considered failed when the client cannot get an HTTP response from the server, e.g. due to network error net::ERR_FAILED.
Emitted when a request finishes successfully after downloading the response body. For a successful response, the
sequence of events is request, response and requestfinished.
Emitted when [response] status and headers are received for a request. For a successful response, the sequence of
events is request, response and requestfinished.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Adds an event listener that will be automatically removed after it is triggered once. See addListener for more information about this event.
Returns the opener for popup pages and null for others. If the opener has been closed already the returns null.
Returns up to (currently) 200 last page errors from this page. See page.on('pageerror') for more details.
Optionaloptions: { filter?: "all" | "since-navigation" }
Optionalfilter?: "all" | "since-navigation"Controls which errors are returned:
Pauses script execution. Playwright will stop executing the script and wait for the user to either press the
'Resume' button in the page overlay or to call playwright.resume() in the DevTools console.
User can inspect selectors or perform manual steps while paused. Resume will continue running the original script from the place it was paused.
NOTE This method requires Playwright to be started in a headed mode, with a falsy
headless option.
Returns the PDF buffer.
page.pdf() generates a pdf of the page with print css media. To generate a pdf with screen media, call
page.emulateMedia([options]) before calling
page.pdf():
NOTE By default, page.pdf() generates a pdf with modified colors for printing. Use the
-webkit-print-color-adjust
property to force rendering of exact colors.
Usage
// Generates a PDF with 'screen' media type.
await page.emulateMedia({ media: 'screen' });
await page.pdf({ path: 'page.pdf' });
The width,
height, and
margin options accept values labeled with
units. Unlabeled values are treated as pixels.
A few examples:
page.pdf({width: 100}) - prints with width set to 100 pixelspage.pdf({width: '100px'}) - prints with width set to 100 pixelspage.pdf({width: '10cm'}) - prints with width set to 10 centimeters.All possible units are:
px - pixelin - inchcm - centimetermm - millimeterThe format options are:
Letter: 8.5in x 11inLegal: 8.5in x 14inTabloid: 11in x 17inLedger: 17in x 11inA0: 33.1in x 46.8inA1: 23.4in x 33.1inA2: 16.54in x 23.4inA3: 11.7in x 16.54inA4: 8.27in x 11.7inA5: 5.83in x 8.27inA6: 4.13in x 5.83inNOTE headerTemplate and
footerTemplate markup have the
following limitations: > 1. Script tags inside templates are not evaluated. > 2. Page styles are not visible inside
templates.
Optionaloptions: {OptionaldisplayHeaderFooter?: booleanDisplay header and footer. Defaults to false.
OptionalfooterTemplate?: stringHTML template for the print footer. Should use the same format as the
headerTemplate.
Optionalformat?: stringOptionalheaderTemplate?: stringHTML template for the print header. Should be valid HTML markup with following classes used to inject printing values into them:
'date' formatted print date'title' document title'url' document location'pageNumber' current page number'totalPages' total pages in the documentOptionalheight?: string | numberPaper height, accepts values labeled with units.
Optionallandscape?: booleanPaper orientation. Defaults to false.
Optionalmargin?: {Paper margins, defaults to none.
Optionalbottom?: string | numberBottom margin, accepts values labeled with units. Defaults to 0.
Optionalleft?: string | numberLeft margin, accepts values labeled with units. Defaults to 0.
Optionalright?: string | numberRight margin, accepts values labeled with units. Defaults to 0.
Optionaltop?: string | numberTop margin, accepts values labeled with units. Defaults to 0.
Optionaloutline?: booleanWhether or not to embed the document outline into the PDF. Defaults to false.
OptionalpageRanges?: stringPaper ranges to print, e.g., '1-5, 8, 11-13'. Defaults to the empty string, which means print all pages.
Optionalpath?: stringThe file path to save the PDF to. If path is a
relative path, then it is resolved relative to the current working directory. If no path is provided, the PDF won't
be saved to the disk.
OptionalpreferCSSPageSize?: booleanOptionalprintBackground?: booleanPrint background graphics. Defaults to false.
Optionalscale?: numberScale of the webpage rendering. Defaults to 1. Scale amount must be between 0.1 and 2.
Optionaltagged?: booleanWhether or not to generate tagged (accessible) PDF. Defaults to false.
Optionalwidth?: string | numberPaper width, accepts values labeled with units.
Enters pick locator mode where hovering over page elements highlights them and shows the corresponding locator. Once the user clicks an element, the mode is deactivated and the Locator for the picked element is returned.
Usage
const locator = await page.pickLocator();
console.log(locator);
Emitted when JavaScript within the page calls one of console API methods, e.g. console.log or console.dir.
The arguments passed into console.log are available on the
ConsoleMessage event handler argument.
Usage
page.on('console', async msg => {
const values = [];
for (const arg of msg.args())
values.push(await arg.jsonValue());
console.log(...values);
});
await page.evaluate(() => console.log('hello', 5, { foo: 'bar' }));
Emitted when the page crashes. Browser pages might crash if they try to allocate too much memory. When the page crashes, ongoing and subsequent operations will throw.
The most common way to deal with crashes is to catch an exception:
try {
// Crash might happen during a click.
await page.click('button');
// Or while waiting for an event.
await page.waitForEvent('popup');
} catch (e) {
// When the page crashes, exception message contains 'crash'.
}
Emitted when a JavaScript dialog appears, such as alert, prompt, confirm or beforeunload. Listener must
either dialog.accept([promptText]) or
dialog.dismiss() the dialog - otherwise the page
will freeze waiting for the
dialog, and actions like click will never finish.
Usage
page.on('dialog', dialog => dialog.accept());
NOTE When no page.on('dialog') or browserContext.on('dialog') listeners are present, all dialogs are automatically dismissed.
Emitted when the JavaScript
DOMContentLoaded event is dispatched.
Emitted when a file chooser is supposed to appear, such as after clicking the <input type=file>. Playwright can
respond to it via setting the input files using
fileChooser.setFiles(files[, options])
that can be uploaded after that.
page.on('filechooser', async fileChooser => {
await fileChooser.setFiles(path.join(__dirname, '/tmp/myfile.pdf'));
});
Emitted when a frame is attached.
Emitted when a frame is detached.
Emitted when a frame is navigated to a new url.
Emitted when an uncaught exception happens within the page.
// Log all uncaught errors to the terminal
page.on('pageerror', exception => {
console.log(`Uncaught exception: "${exception}"`);
});
// Navigate to a page with an exception.
await page.goto('data:text/html,<script>throw new Error("Test")</script>');
Emitted when the page opens a new tab or window. This event is emitted in addition to the browserContext.on('page'), but only for popups relevant to this page.
The earliest moment that page is available is when it has navigated to the initial url. For example, when opening a
popup with window.open('http://example.com'), this event will fire when the network request to
"http://example.com" is done and its response has started loading in the popup. If you would like to route/listen
to this network request, use
browserContext.route(url, handler[, options])
and
browserContext.on('request')
respectively instead of similar methods on the Page.
// Start waiting for popup before clicking. Note no await.
const popupPromise = page.waitForEvent('popup');
await page.getByText('open the popup').click();
const popup = await popupPromise;
console.log(await popup.evaluate('location.href'));
NOTE Use page.waitForLoadState([state, options]) to wait until the page gets to a particular state (you should not need it in most cases).
Emitted when a page issues a request. The [request] object is read-only. In order to intercept and mutate requests, see page.route(url, handler[, options]) or browserContext.route(url, handler[, options]).
Emitted when a request fails, for example by timing out.
page.on('requestfailed', request => {
console.log(request.url() + ' ' + request.failure().errorText);
});
NOTE HTTP Error responses, such as 404 or 503, are still successful responses from HTTP standpoint, so request will complete with page.on('requestfinished') event and not with page.on('requestfailed'). A request will only be considered failed when the client cannot get an HTTP response from the server, e.g. due to network error net::ERR_FAILED.
Emitted when a request finishes successfully after downloading the response body. For a successful response, the
sequence of events is request, response and requestfinished.
Emitted when [response] status and headers are received for a request. For a successful response, the sequence of
events is request, response and requestfinished.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.press(key[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Focuses the element, and then uses keyboard.down(key) and keyboard.up(key).
key can specify the intended
keyboardEvent.key value or a single character
to generate the text for. A superset of the
key values can be found
here. Examples of the keys are:
F1 - F12, Digit0- Digit9, KeyA- KeyZ, Backquote, Minus, Equal, Backslash, Backspace, Tab,
Delete, Escape, ArrowDown, End, Enter, Home, Insert, PageDown, PageUp, ArrowRight, ArrowUp,
etc.
Following modification shortcuts are also supported: Shift, Control, Alt, Meta, ShiftLeft,
ControlOrMeta. ControlOrMeta resolves to Control on Windows and Linux and to Meta on macOS.
Holding down Shift will type the text that corresponds to the
key in the upper case.
If key is a single character, it is
case-sensitive, so the values a and A will generate different respective texts.
Shortcuts such as key: "Control+o", key: "Control++ or key: "Control+Shift+T" are supported as well. When
specified with the modifier, modifier is pressed and being held while the subsequent key is being pressed.
Usage
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://keycode.info');
await page.press('body', 'A');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'A.png' });
await page.press('body', 'ArrowLeft');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'ArrowLeft.png' });
await page.press('body', 'Shift+O');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'O.png' });
await browser.close();
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as ArrowLeft or a.
Optionaloptions: {Optionaldelay?: numberTime to wait between keydown and keyup in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanActions that initiate navigations are waiting for these navigations to happen and for pages to start loading. You
can opt out of waiting via setting this flag. You would only need this option in the exceptional cases such as
navigating to inaccessible pages. Defaults to false.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
This method reloads the current page, in the same way as if the user had triggered a browser refresh. Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum operation time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via
navigationTimeout option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout),
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout),
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
OptionalwaitUntil?: "domcontentloaded" | "load" | "networkidle" | "commit"When to consider operation succeeded, defaults to load. Events can be either:
'domcontentloaded' - consider operation to be finished when the DOMContentLoaded event is fired.'load' - consider operation to be finished when the load event is fired.'networkidle' - DISCOURAGED consider operation to be finished when there are no network connections for
at least 500 ms. Don't use this method for testing, rely on web assertions to assess readiness instead.'commit' - consider operation to be finished when network response is received and the document started
loading.Removes all the listeners of the given type (or all registered listeners if no type given). Allows to wait for async listeners to complete or to ignore subsequent errors from these listeners.
Usage
page.on('request', async request => {
const response = await request.response();
const body = await response.body();
console.log(body.byteLength);
});
await page.goto('https://playwright.dev', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
// Waits for all the reported 'request' events to resolve.
await page.removeAllListeners('request', { behavior: 'wait' });
Optionaltype: stringRemoves all the listeners of the given type (or all registered listeners if no type given). Allows to wait for async listeners to complete or to ignore subsequent errors from these listeners.
Usage
page.on('request', async request => {
const response = await request.response();
const body = await response.body();
console.log(body.byteLength);
});
await page.goto('https://playwright.dev', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
// Waits for all the reported 'request' events to resolve.
await page.removeAllListeners('request', { behavior: 'wait' });
Optionalbehavior?: "default" | "wait" | "ignoreErrors"Specifies whether to wait for already running listeners and what to do if they throw errors:
'default' - do not wait for current listener calls (if any) to finish, if the listener throws, it may result in unhandled error'wait' - wait for current listener calls (if any) to finish'ignoreErrors' - do not wait for current listener calls (if any) to finish, all errors thrown by the listeners after removal are silently caughtRemoves an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes an event listener added by on or addListener.
Removes all locator handlers added by page.addLocatorHandler(locator, handler[, options]) for a specific locator.
Locator passed to page.addLocatorHandler(locator, handler[, options]).
Request the page to perform garbage collection. Note that there is no guarantee that all unreachable objects will be collected.
This is useful to help detect memory leaks. For example, if your page has a large object 'suspect' that might be
leaked, you can check that it does not leak by using a
WeakRef.
// 1. In your page, save a WeakRef for the "suspect".
await page.evaluate(() => globalThis.suspectWeakRef = new WeakRef(suspect));
// 2. Request garbage collection.
await page.requestGC();
// 3. Check that weak ref does not deref to the original object.
expect(await page.evaluate(() => !globalThis.suspectWeakRef.deref())).toBe(true);
Returns up to (currently) 100 last network request from this page. See page.on('request') for more details.
Returned requests should be accessed immediately, otherwise they might be collected to prevent unbounded memory growth as new requests come in. Once collected, retrieving most information about the request is impossible.
Note that requests reported through the page.on('request') request are not collected, so there is a trade off between efficient memory usage with page.requests() and the amount of available information reported through page.on('request').
Routing provides the capability to modify network requests that are made by a page.
Once routing is enabled, every request matching the url pattern will stall unless it's continued, fulfilled or aborted.
NOTE The handler will only be called for the first url if the response is a redirect.
NOTE page.route(url, handler[, options]) will not
intercept requests intercepted by Service Worker. See this
issue. We recommend disabling Service Workers when using request interception by setting
serviceWorkers to
'block'.
NOTE page.route(url, handler[, options]) will not intercept the first request of a popup page. Use browserContext.route(url, handler[, options]) instead.
Usage
An example of a naive handler that aborts all image requests:
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.route('**/*.{png,jpg,jpeg}', route => route.abort());
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await browser.close();
or the same snippet using a regex pattern instead:
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.route(/(\.png$)|(\.jpg$)/, route => route.abort());
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await browser.close();
It is possible to examine the request to decide the route action. For example, mocking all requests that contain some post data, and leaving all other requests as is:
await page.route('/api/**', async route => {
if (route.request().postData().includes('my-string'))
await route.fulfill({ body: 'mocked-data' });
else
await route.continue();
});
If a request matches multiple registered routes, the most recently registered route takes precedence.
Page routes take precedence over browser context routes (set up with browserContext.route(url, handler[, options])) when request matches both handlers.
To remove a route with its handler you can use page.unroute(url[, handler]).
NOTE Enabling routing disables http cache.
If specified the network requests that are made in the page will be served from the HAR file. Read more about Replaying from HAR.
Playwright will not serve requests intercepted by Service Worker from the HAR file. See
this issue. We recommend disabling Service Workers when
using request interception by setting
serviceWorkers to
'block'.
Path to a HAR file with prerecorded network data. If path is a
relative path, then it is resolved relative to the current working directory.
Optionaloptions: {OptionalnotFound?: "abort" | "fallback"Defaults to abort.
Optionalupdate?: booleanIf specified, updates the given HAR with the actual network information instead of serving from file. The file is written to disk when browserContext.close([options]) is called.
OptionalupdateContent?: "embed" | "attach"Optional setting to control resource content management. If attach is specified, resources are persisted as
separate files or entries in the ZIP archive. If embed is specified, content is stored inline the HAR file.
OptionalupdateMode?: "full" | "minimal"When set to minimal, only record information necessary for routing from HAR. This omits sizes, timing, page,
cookies, security and other types of HAR information that are not used when replaying from HAR. Defaults to
minimal.
Optionalurl?: string | RegExpA glob pattern, regular expression or predicate to match the request URL. Only requests with URL matching the pattern will be served from the HAR file. If not specified, all requests are served from the HAR file.
This method allows to modify websocket connections that are made by the page.
Note that only WebSockets created after this method was called will be routed. It is recommended to call this
method before navigating the page.
Usage
Below is an example of a simple mock that responds to a single message. See WebSocketRoute for more details and examples.
await page.routeWebSocket('/ws', ws => {
ws.onMessage(message => {
if (message === 'request')
ws.send('response');
});
});
Only WebSockets with the url matching this pattern will be routed. A string pattern can be relative to the
baseURL context option.
Handler function to route the WebSocket.
Returns the buffer with the captured screenshot.
Optionaloptions: PageScreenshotOptionsNOTE Use locator-based locator.selectOption(values[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method waits for an element matching
selector, waits for
actionability checks, waits until all specified options are present in the <select>
element and selects these options.
If the target element is not a <select> element, this method throws an error. However, if the element is inside
the <label> element that has an associated
control, the control will be used
instead.
Returns the array of option values that have been successfully selected.
Triggers a change and input event once all the provided options have been selected.
Usage
// Single selection matching the value or label
page.selectOption('select#colors', 'blue');
// single selection matching the label
page.selectOption('select#colors', { label: 'Blue' });
// multiple selection
page.selectOption('select#colors', ['red', 'green', 'blue']);
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Options to select. If the <select> has the multiple attribute, all matching options are selected, otherwise
only the first option matching one of the passed options is selected. String values are matching both values and
labels. Option is considered matching if all specified properties match.
Optionalindex?: numberMatches by the index. Optional.
Optionallabel?: stringMatches by option.label. Optional.
Optionalvalue?: stringMatches by option.value. Optional.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.setChecked(checked[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method checks or unchecks an element matching
selector by performing the
following steps:
selector. If there is none,
wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.force option is set. If the
element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.When all steps combined have not finished during the specified
timeout, this method throws a
TimeoutError. Passing zero timeout disables this.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Whether to check or uncheck the checkbox.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalposition?: { x: number; y: number }A point to use relative to the top-left corner of element padding box. If not specified, uses some visible point of the element.
Optionalscroll?: "none" | "auto"Controls whether Playwright scrolls the element into view before performing the action. Defaults to "auto", which
scrolls the element into view when necessary, including scrolling nested scrollable containers. When set to
"none", Playwright does not scroll the element and the action fails if the element is not already in the
viewport. This is useful to assert that an element is reachable by the user without additional scrolling.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Optionaltrial?: booleanWhen set, this method only performs the actionability checks and skips the action. Defaults
to false. Useful to wait until the element is ready for the action without performing it.
This method internally calls document.write(), inheriting all its specific characteristics and behaviors.
HTML markup to assign to the page.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum operation time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via
navigationTimeout option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout),
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout),
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
OptionalwaitUntil?: "domcontentloaded" | "load" | "networkidle" | "commit"When to consider operation succeeded, defaults to load. Events can be either:
'domcontentloaded' - consider operation to be finished when the DOMContentLoaded event is fired.'load' - consider operation to be finished when the load event is fired.'networkidle' - DISCOURAGED consider operation to be finished when there are no network connections for
at least 500 ms. Don't use this method for testing, rely on web assertions to assess readiness instead.'commit' - consider operation to be finished when network response is received and the document started
loading.This setting will change the default maximum navigation time for the following methods and related shortcuts:
NOTE page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout) takes priority over page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout), browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) and browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout).
Maximum navigation time in milliseconds
This setting will change the default maximum time for all the methods accepting
timeout option.
NOTE page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout) takes priority over page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout).
Maximum time in milliseconds. Pass 0 to disable timeout.
The extra HTTP headers will be sent with every request the page initiates.
NOTE page.setExtraHTTPHeaders(headers) does not guarantee the order of headers in the outgoing requests.
An object containing additional HTTP headers to be sent with every request. All header values must be strings.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.setInputFiles(files[, options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Sets the value of the file input to these file paths or files. If some of the filePaths are relative paths, then
they are resolved relative to the current working directory. For empty array, clears the selected files. For inputs
with a [webkitdirectory] attribute, only a single directory path is supported.
This method expects selector
to point to an input element. However, if the
element is inside the <label> element that has an associated
control, targets the control instead.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
File content
File type
File name
Optionaloptions: {OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
In the case of multiple pages in a single browser, each page can have its own viewport size. However, browser.newContext([options]) allows to set viewport size (and more) for all pages in the context at once.
page.setViewportSize(viewportSize) will resize
the page. A lot of websites don't expect phones to change size, so you should set the viewport size before
navigating to the page.
page.setViewportSize(viewportSize) will also
reset screen size, use
browser.newContext([options]) with screen
and viewport parameters if you need better control of these properties.
Usage
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewportSize({
width: 640,
height: 480,
});
await page.goto('https://example.com');
page height in pixels.
page width in pixels.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.tap([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method taps an element matching
selector by performing the following
steps:
selector.
If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM.force option is set. If the element is
detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.position.When all steps combined have not finished during the specified
timeout, this method throws a
TimeoutError. Passing zero timeout disables this.
NOTE page.tap(selector[, options]) will throw if the
hasTouch option of the
browser context is false.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
Optionalmodifiers?: ("Alt" | "Control" | "ControlOrMeta" | "Meta" | "Shift")[]Modifier keys to press. Ensures that only these modifiers are pressed during the operation, and then restores current modifiers back. If not specified, currently pressed modifiers are used. "ControlOrMeta" resolves to "Control" on Windows and Linux and to "Meta" on macOS.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalposition?: { x: number; y: number }A point to use relative to the top-left corner of element padding box. If not specified, uses some visible point of the element.
Optionalscroll?: "none" | "auto"Controls whether Playwright scrolls the element into view before performing the action. Defaults to "auto", which
scrolls the element into view when necessary, including scrolling nested scrollable containers. When set to
"none", Playwright does not scroll the element and the action fails if the element is not already in the
viewport. This is useful to assert that an element is reachable by the user without additional scrolling.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Optionaltrial?: booleanWhen set, this method only performs the actionability checks and skips the action. Defaults
to false. Useful to wait until the element is ready for the action without performing it. Note that keyboard
modifiers will be pressed regardless of trial to allow testing elements which are only visible when those keys
are pressed.
NOTE Use locator-based locator.textContent([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns element.textContent.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; strict?: boolean; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Returns the page's title.
Sends a keydown, keypress/input, and keyup event for each character in the text. page.type can be used to
send fine-grained keyboard events. To fill values in form fields, use
page.fill(selector, value[, options]).
To press a special key, like Control or ArrowDown, use
keyboard.press(key[, options]).
Usage
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
A text to type into a focused element.
Optionaloptions: {Optionaldelay?: numberTime to wait between key presses in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
In most cases, you should use locator.fill(value[, options]) instead. You only need to press keys one by one if there is special keyboard handling on the page - in this case use locator.pressSequentially(text[, options]).
NOTE Use locator-based locator.uncheck([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
This method unchecks an element matching
selector by performing the following
steps:
selector. If there is none, wait
until a matching element is attached to the DOM.force option is set. If the element
is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.When all steps combined have not finished during the specified
timeout, this method throws a
TimeoutError. Passing zero timeout disables this.
A selector to search for an element. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be used.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalforce?: booleanWhether to bypass the actionability checks. Defaults to false.
OptionalnoWaitAfter?: booleanThis option has no effect.
Optionalposition?: { x: number; y: number }A point to use relative to the top-left corner of element padding box. If not specified, uses some visible point of the element.
Optionalscroll?: "none" | "auto"Controls whether Playwright scrolls the element into view before performing the action. Defaults to "auto", which
scrolls the element into view when necessary, including scrolling nested scrollable containers. When set to
"none", Playwright does not scroll the element and the action fails if the element is not already in the
viewport. This is useful to assert that an element is reachable by the user without additional scrolling.
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the operation using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
operation will be aborted and throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the default timeout,
which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout); pass
timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionalstrict?: booleanWhen true, the call requires selector to resolve to a single element. If given selector resolves to more than one element, the call throws an exception.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via actionTimeout
option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Optionaltrial?: booleanWhen set, this method only performs the actionability checks and skips the action. Defaults
to false. Useful to wait until the element is ready for the action without performing it.
Removes a route created with
page.route(url, handler[, options]). When
handler is not specified, removes all
routes for the url.
Removes all routes created with page.route(url, handler[, options]) and page.routeFromHAR(har[, options]).
Optionaloptions: { behavior?: "default" | "wait" | "ignoreErrors" }
Optionalbehavior?: "default" | "wait" | "ignoreErrors"Specifies whether to wait for already running handlers and what to do if they throw errors:
'default' - do not wait for current handler calls (if any) to finish, if unrouted handler throws, it may
result in unhandled error'wait' - wait for current handler calls (if any) to finish'ignoreErrors' - do not wait for current handler calls (if any) to finish, all errors thrown by the handlers
after unrouting are silently caughtVideo object associated with this page. Can be used to access the video file when using the recordVideo context
option.
page height in pixels.
page width in pixels.
Emitted when JavaScript within the page calls one of console API methods, e.g. console.log or console.dir.
The arguments passed into console.log are available on the
ConsoleMessage event handler argument.
Usage
page.on('console', async msg => {
const values = [];
for (const arg of msg.args())
values.push(await arg.jsonValue());
console.log(...values);
});
await page.evaluate(() => console.log('hello', 5, { foo: 'bar' }));
OptionaloptionsOrPredicate: Emitted when the page crashes. Browser pages might crash if they try to allocate too much memory. When the page crashes, ongoing and subsequent operations will throw.
The most common way to deal with crashes is to catch an exception:
try {
// Crash might happen during a click.
await page.click('button');
// Or while waiting for an event.
await page.waitForEvent('popup');
} catch (e) {
// When the page crashes, exception message contains 'crash'.
}
Emitted when a JavaScript dialog appears, such as alert, prompt, confirm or beforeunload. Listener must
either dialog.accept([promptText]) or
dialog.dismiss() the dialog - otherwise the page
will freeze waiting for the
dialog, and actions like click will never finish.
Usage
page.on('dialog', dialog => dialog.accept());
NOTE When no page.on('dialog') or browserContext.on('dialog') listeners are present, all dialogs are automatically dismissed.
Emitted when a file chooser is supposed to appear, such as after clicking the <input type=file>. Playwright can
respond to it via setting the input files using
fileChooser.setFiles(files[, options])
that can be uploaded after that.
page.on('filechooser', async fileChooser => {
await fileChooser.setFiles(path.join(__dirname, '/tmp/myfile.pdf'));
});
OptionaloptionsOrPredicate: Emitted when an uncaught exception happens within the page.
// Log all uncaught errors to the terminal
page.on('pageerror', exception => {
console.log(`Uncaught exception: "${exception}"`);
});
// Navigate to a page with an exception.
await page.goto('data:text/html,<script>throw new Error("Test")</script>');
OptionaloptionsOrPredicate: Emitted when the page opens a new tab or window. This event is emitted in addition to the browserContext.on('page'), but only for popups relevant to this page.
The earliest moment that page is available is when it has navigated to the initial url. For example, when opening a
popup with window.open('http://example.com'), this event will fire when the network request to
"http://example.com" is done and its response has started loading in the popup. If you would like to route/listen
to this network request, use
browserContext.route(url, handler[, options])
and
browserContext.on('request')
respectively instead of similar methods on the Page.
// Start waiting for popup before clicking. Note no await.
const popupPromise = page.waitForEvent('popup');
await page.getByText('open the popup').click();
const popup = await popupPromise;
console.log(await popup.evaluate('location.href'));
NOTE Use page.waitForLoadState([state, options]) to wait until the page gets to a particular state (you should not need it in most cases).
Emitted when a page issues a request. The [request] object is read-only. In order to intercept and mutate requests, see page.route(url, handler[, options]) or browserContext.route(url, handler[, options]).
Emitted when a request fails, for example by timing out.
page.on('requestfailed', request => {
console.log(request.url() + ' ' + request.failure().errorText);
});
NOTE HTTP Error responses, such as 404 or 503, are still successful responses from HTTP standpoint, so request will complete with page.on('requestfinished') event and not with page.on('requestfailed'). A request will only be considered failed when the client cannot get an HTTP response from the server, e.g. due to network error net::ERR_FAILED.
Emitted when a request finishes successfully after downloading the response body. For a successful response, the
sequence of events is request, response and requestfinished.
Emitted when [response] status and headers are received for a request. For a successful response, the sequence of
events is request, response and requestfinished.
Returns when the
pageFunction returns a
truthy value. It resolves to a JSHandle of the truthy value.
Usage
The page.waitForFunction(pageFunction[, arg, options]) can be used to observe viewport size change:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
const watchDog = page.waitForFunction(() => window.innerWidth < 100);
await page.setViewportSize({ width: 50, height: 50 });
await watchDog;
await browser.close();
})();
To pass an argument to the predicate of page.waitForFunction(pageFunction[, arg, options]) function:
const selector = '.foo';
await page.waitForFunction(selector => !!document.querySelector(selector), selector);
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
Optionaloptions: PageWaitForFunctionOptionsReturns when the
pageFunction returns a
truthy value. It resolves to a JSHandle of the truthy value.
Usage
The page.waitForFunction(pageFunction[, arg, options]) can be used to observe viewport size change:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
const watchDog = page.waitForFunction(() => window.innerWidth < 100);
await page.setViewportSize({ width: 50, height: 50 });
await watchDog;
await browser.close();
})();
To pass an argument to the predicate of page.waitForFunction(pageFunction[, arg, options]) function:
const selector = '.foo';
await page.waitForFunction(selector => !!document.querySelector(selector), selector);
Function to be evaluated in the page context.
Optionalarg: any
Optional argument to pass to
pageFunction.
Optionaloptions: PageWaitForFunctionOptionsReturns when the required load state has been reached.
This resolves when the page reaches a required load state, load by default. The navigation must have been
committed when this method is called. If current document has already reached the required state, resolves
immediately.
NOTE Most of the time, this method is not needed because Playwright auto-waits before every action.
Usage
await page.getByRole('button').click(); // Click triggers navigation.
await page.waitForLoadState(); // The promise resolves after 'load' event.
const popupPromise = page.waitForEvent('popup');
await page.getByRole('button').click(); // Click triggers a popup.
const popup = await popupPromise;
await popup.waitForLoadState('domcontentloaded'); // Wait for the 'DOMContentLoaded' event.
console.log(await popup.title()); // Popup is ready to use.
Optionalstate: "domcontentloaded" | "load" | "networkidle"
Optional load state to wait for, defaults to load. If the state has been already reached while loading current
document, the method resolves immediately. Can be one of:
'load' - wait for the load event to be fired.'domcontentloaded' - wait for the DOMContentLoaded event to be fired.'networkidle' - DISCOURAGED wait until there are no network connections for at least 500 ms. Don't use
this method for testing, rely on web assertions to assess readiness instead.Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the waiting using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
waiting will be aborted and the operation will throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the
default timeout, which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout);
pass timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum operation time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via
navigationTimeout option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout),
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout),
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Waits for the main frame navigation and returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the
navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect. In case of navigation to a different anchor or
navigation due to History API usage, the navigation will resolve with null.
Usage
This resolves when the page navigates to a new URL or reloads. It is useful for when you run code which will
indirectly cause the page to navigate. e.g. The click target has an onclick handler that triggers navigation from
a setTimeout. Consider this example:
// Start waiting for navigation before clicking. Note no await.
const navigationPromise = page.waitForNavigation();
await page.getByText('Navigate after timeout').click();
await navigationPromise;
NOTE Usage of the History API to change the URL is considered a navigation.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the waiting using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
waiting will be aborted and the operation will throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the
default timeout, which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout);
pass timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum operation time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via
navigationTimeout option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout),
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout),
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
Optionalurl?: string | RegExp | URLPattern | ((url: URL) => boolean)A glob pattern, regex pattern, URL pattern, or predicate receiving [URL] to match while waiting for the navigation. Note that if the parameter is a string without wildcard characters, the method will wait for navigation to URL that is exactly equal to the string.
OptionalwaitUntil?: "domcontentloaded" | "load" | "networkidle" | "commit"When to consider operation succeeded, defaults to load. Events can be either:
'domcontentloaded' - consider operation to be finished when the DOMContentLoaded event is fired.'load' - consider operation to be finished when the load event is fired.'networkidle' - DISCOURAGED consider operation to be finished when there are no network connections for
at least 500 ms. Don't use this method for testing, rely on web assertions to assess readiness instead.'commit' - consider operation to be finished when network response is received and the document started
loading.This method is inherently racy, please use page.waitForURL(url[, options]) instead.
Waits for the matching request and returns it. See waiting for event for more details about events.
Usage
// Start waiting for request before clicking. Note no await.
const requestPromise = page.waitForRequest('https://example.com/resource');
await page.getByText('trigger request').click();
const request = await requestPromise;
// Alternative way with a predicate. Note no await.
const requestPromise = page.waitForRequest(request =>
request.url() === 'https://example.com' && request.method() === 'GET',
);
await page.getByText('trigger request').click();
const request = await requestPromise;
Request URL string, regex or predicate receiving Request object.
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the waiting using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
waiting will be aborted and the operation will throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the
default timeout, which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout);
pass timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum wait time in milliseconds, defaults to 30 seconds, pass 0 to disable the timeout. The default value can
be changed by using the
page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) method.
Returns the matched response. See waiting for event for more details about events.
Usage
// Start waiting for response before clicking. Note no await.
const responsePromise = page.waitForResponse('https://example.com/resource');
await page.getByText('trigger response').click();
const response = await responsePromise;
// Alternative way with a predicate. Note no await.
const responsePromise = page.waitForResponse(response =>
response.url() === 'https://example.com' && response.status() === 200
&& response.request().method() === 'GET'
);
await page.getByText('trigger response').click();
const response = await responsePromise;
Optionaloptions: { signal?: AbortSignal; timeout?: number }
Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the waiting using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
waiting will be aborted and the operation will throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the
default timeout, which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout);
pass timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum wait time in milliseconds, defaults to 30 seconds, pass 0 to disable the timeout. The default value can
be changed by using the
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
NOTE Use web assertions that assert visibility or a locator-based locator.waitFor([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns when element specified by selector satisfies
state option. Returns null if
waiting for hidden or detached.
NOTE Playwright automatically waits for element to be ready before performing an action. Using Locator objects and web-first assertions makes the code wait-for-selector-free.
Wait for the selector to
satisfy state option (either
appear/disappear from dom, or become visible/hidden). If at the moment of calling the method
selector already satisfies
the condition, the method will return immediately. If the selector doesn't satisfy the condition for the
timeout milliseconds, the
function will throw.
Usage
This method works across navigations:
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
for (const currentURL of ['https://google.com', 'https://bbc.com']) {
await page.goto(currentURL);
const element = await page.waitForSelector('img');
console.log('Loaded image: ' + await element.getAttribute('src'));
}
await browser.close();
})();
A selector to query for.
Optionaloptions: PageWaitForSelectorOptionsNotHiddenNOTE Use web assertions that assert visibility or a locator-based locator.waitFor([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns when element specified by selector satisfies
state option. Returns null if
waiting for hidden or detached.
NOTE Playwright automatically waits for element to be ready before performing an action. Using Locator objects and web-first assertions makes the code wait-for-selector-free.
Wait for the selector to
satisfy state option (either
appear/disappear from dom, or become visible/hidden). If at the moment of calling the method
selector already satisfies
the condition, the method will return immediately. If the selector doesn't satisfy the condition for the
timeout milliseconds, the
function will throw.
Usage
This method works across navigations:
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
for (const currentURL of ['https://google.com', 'https://bbc.com']) {
await page.goto(currentURL);
const element = await page.waitForSelector('img');
console.log('Loaded image: ' + await element.getAttribute('src'));
}
await browser.close();
})();
A selector to query for.
Optionaloptions: PageWaitForSelectorOptionsNotHiddenNOTE Use web assertions that assert visibility or a locator-based locator.waitFor([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns when element specified by selector satisfies
state option. Returns null if
waiting for hidden or detached.
NOTE Playwright automatically waits for element to be ready before performing an action. Using Locator objects and web-first assertions makes the code wait-for-selector-free.
Wait for the selector to
satisfy state option (either
appear/disappear from dom, or become visible/hidden). If at the moment of calling the method
selector already satisfies
the condition, the method will return immediately. If the selector doesn't satisfy the condition for the
timeout milliseconds, the
function will throw.
Usage
This method works across navigations:
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
for (const currentURL of ['https://google.com', 'https://bbc.com']) {
await page.goto(currentURL);
const element = await page.waitForSelector('img');
console.log('Loaded image: ' + await element.getAttribute('src'));
}
await browser.close();
})();
A selector to query for.
NOTE Use web assertions that assert visibility or a locator-based locator.waitFor([options]) instead. Read more about locators.
Returns when element specified by selector satisfies
state option. Returns null if
waiting for hidden or detached.
NOTE Playwright automatically waits for element to be ready before performing an action. Using Locator objects and web-first assertions makes the code wait-for-selector-free.
Wait for the selector to
satisfy state option (either
appear/disappear from dom, or become visible/hidden). If at the moment of calling the method
selector already satisfies
the condition, the method will return immediately. If the selector doesn't satisfy the condition for the
timeout milliseconds, the
function will throw.
Usage
This method works across navigations:
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
for (const currentURL of ['https://google.com', 'https://bbc.com']) {
await page.goto(currentURL);
const element = await page.waitForSelector('img');
console.log('Loaded image: ' + await element.getAttribute('src'));
}
await browser.close();
})();
A selector to query for.
NOTE Never wait for timeout in production. Tests that wait for time are inherently flaky. Use Locator actions and web assertions that wait automatically.
Waits for the given timeout in
milliseconds.
Note that page.waitForTimeout() should only be used for debugging. Tests using the timer in production are going
to be flaky. Use signals such as network events, selectors becoming visible and others instead.
Usage
// wait for 1 second
await page.waitForTimeout(1000);
A timeout to wait for
Waits for the main frame to navigate to the given URL.
Usage
await page.click('a.delayed-navigation'); // Clicking the link will indirectly cause a navigation
await page.waitForURL('**/target.html');
A glob pattern, regex pattern, URL pattern, or predicate receiving [URL] to match while waiting for the navigation. Note that if the parameter is a string without wildcard characters, the method will wait for navigation to URL that is exactly equal to the string.
Optionaloptions: {Optionalsignal?: AbortSignalAllows to cancel the waiting using an
AbortSignal. If the signal is aborted, the
waiting will be aborted and the operation will throw an error. Note that providing a signal does not disable the
default timeout, which can be changed using
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout);
pass timeout: 0 to disable the timeout entirely.
Optionaltimeout?: numberMaximum operation time in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 - no timeout. The default value can be changed via
navigationTimeout option in the config, or by using the
browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout),
browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout),
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(timeout)
or page.setDefaultTimeout(timeout) methods.
OptionalwaitUntil?: "domcontentloaded" | "load" | "networkidle" | "commit"When to consider operation succeeded, defaults to load. Events can be either:
'domcontentloaded' - consider operation to be finished when the DOMContentLoaded event is fired.'load' - consider operation to be finished when the load event is fired.'networkidle' - DISCOURAGED consider operation to be finished when there are no network connections for
at least 500 ms. Don't use this method for testing, rely on web assertions to assess readiness instead.'commit' - consider operation to be finished when network response is received and the document started
loading.This method returns all of the dedicated WebWorkers associated with the page.
NOTE This does not contain ServiceWorkers
Page provides methods to interact with a single tab in a Browser, or an extension background page in Chromium. One Browser instance might have multiple Page instances.
This example creates a page, navigates it to a URL, and then saves a screenshot:
The Page class emits various events (described below) which can be handled using any of Node's native
EventEmittermethods, such ason,onceorremoveListener.This example logs a message for a single page
loadevent:To unsubscribe from events use the
removeListenermethod: